The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family of proteins is responsible for sensing the presence of extracellular hormones, cytokines, and growth factors through a cell-surface localized receptor domain, and for transducing a signal through an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain to elicit cellular responses. Certain disease states, such as transformed growth (cancer) and insulin insensitivity (diabetes, obesity), arise when RTK signaling becomes dysregulated or inactivated, making this family important targets in drug discovery.
The epidermal growth factor receptor (HER-1; EGFR) is a member of the ErbB or epidermal growth factor receptor family. Diminished ErbB signaling has been implicated in diseases such as MS and Alzheimer's syndrome, while aberrant activation may contribute to malignancy of solid tumors.
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V-erb-a erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 4 (HER-4) is a member of the ErbB or epidermal growth factor receptor family. Diminished ErbB signaling has been implicated in diseases such as MS and Alzheimer's syndrome, while aberrant activation may contribute to malignancy of solid tumors.
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Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor 2 (TrkB) is a membrane bound receptor involved in cell growth and differentiation. It is the main receptor for Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and is known to interact with proteins involved in cancer.
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